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HEAT TREATMENT.

HEAT TREATMENT SOAKING OR HOLDING HEATING CONTROLLED COOLING HEATING CYCLE

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INCLUSION RATING TESTING

INCLUSION RATING TESTING:- Non-metallic inclusions process :- Non-metallic inclusions are chemical compounds and non metals that are present in steel and other alloys. They are the product of chemical reactions, physical effects, and contamination that occurs during the melting and pouring process. Sources of inclusions formation Non-metallic inclusions that arise because of different reaction during metal production are called natural or indigenous. They include oxide , sulfide , alumina silicate and Globular oxide .Singl Globular oxide Apart from natural inclusions there are also parts of Slag, refectories , material of a casting mould (the material the metal contacts during production) in the metal. Such non-metallic inclusions are called foreign, accidental or exogenous. Most inclusions in the reduction smelting of metal formed because of admixture dissolubility decreasing during cooling and consolidation. Non-metallic...
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Heat treatment process.

Heat Treatment Processes:- Heat treatment of  steels is the heating and cooling of metals to change their physical and mechanical properties, without letting it change its shape. improving formability, machining, etc. Heat Treatment Process Steps:- In simple terms, heat treatment is the process of heating the metal, holding it at that temperature, and then cooling it back. During the process, the metal part will undergo changes in its mechanical properties. This is because the high temperature alters the microstructure of the metal. And microstructure plays an important role in the mechanical properties of a material. Holding:- During the holding, or soaking stage, the metal is kept at the achieved temperature. The duration of that depends on the requirements. For example, case hardening only requires structural changes to the surface of the metal in order to increase surface hardness. At the same time, other methods need uniform properties. In this case, the holding period is long...
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Case Carburizing process.

  Case hardening Process Case hardening is a material processing method that is used to increase the hardness of the outer surface of a metal. Case hardening results in a very thin layer of metal that is notably harder than the larger volume of metal underneath of the hardened layer. - It is mainly used on low-carbon steels. The part is heated to 871–954 °C (1600–1750 °F) - Attempt to harden an entire metal object. One reason is efficiency. Less energy and less time are required to heat the outermost surface of a metal as opposed to its entire cross section. - A hard outside shell and a more ductile interior. What Types of Metals Can Be Case Hardened? Metals that can be case hardened are generally limited to ferrous materials, although there are special cases such as the Nitriding of some titanium or aluminum alloys. The ferrous metals commonly case hardened are. Gears Fasteners Camshafts Rods Pins   --BENEFITS OF CASE HARDENING Creating a more durable product Increases wea...
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